Pharmacology is the final chapter of Class 10 Biology and focuses on the study of drugs and medicines, including their sources, uses, and effects on the human body. This chapter covers antibiotics, vaccines, painkillers, addiction, and drug abuse. This post includes Class 10 Biology Chapter 9 MCQs with answers and explanations to help students revise key concepts effectively and prepare confidently for exams.
Quick Notes (Chapter Summary)
- Pharmacology is the study of drugs and medicines and how they affect the human body.
- Drugs may be natural (plants, animals, microorganisms) or synthetic (made in laboratories).
- Antibiotics are medicines used to treat bacterial infections, but they do not work against viruses.
- Vaccines help the body develop immunity by stimulating the immune system.
- Painkillers reduce pain, but overuse can cause side effects and health problems.
- Drug addiction is a condition in which a person becomes dependent on a drug physically or mentally.
- Drug abuse can damage organs, reduce mental performance, and create serious social problems.
1. Pharmacology is the study of:
- A. Diseases
- B. Drugs and their effects on the body ✅
- C. Microorganisms
- D. Hormones
Explanation: Pharmacology deals with medicines and their actions.
2. A drug is a substance that:
- A. Causes disease
- B. Is used for diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of disease ✅
- C. Produces energy
- D. Is always harmful
Explanation: Drugs are used to cure or prevent diseases.
3. Which drug kills or stops the growth of bacteria?
- A. Vaccine
- B. Antibiotic ✅
- C. Analgesic
- D. Sedative
Explanation: Antibiotics act against bacterial infections.
4. Penicillin was discovered by:
- A. Louis Pasteur
- B. Alexander Fleming ✅
- C. Robert Koch
- D. Edward Jenner
Explanation: Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928.
5. Which drugs are used to reduce pain?
- A. Antibiotics
- B. Analgesics ✅
- C. Vaccines
- D. Sedatives
Explanation: Analgesics relieve pain.
6. Aspirin is an example of:
- A. Antibiotic
- B. Analgesic ✅
- C. Sedative
- D. Vaccine
Explanation: Aspirin is commonly used as a painkiller.
7. Vaccines help the body to:
- A. Kill pathogens directly
- B. Develop immunity ✅
- C. Reduce pain
- D. Lower blood sugar
Explanation: Vaccines stimulate immune response.
8. Which drugs induce sleep and calmness?
- A. Antibiotics
- B. Sedatives ✅
- C. Analgesics
- D. Vaccines
Explanation: Sedatives depress the nervous system.
9. Which substance causes addiction?
- A. Vaccine
- B. Heroin ✅
- C. Antibiotic
- D. Vitamin
Explanation: Heroin is a highly addictive drug.
10. Drug addiction means:
- A. Occasional drug use
- B. Dependence on drugs ✅
- C. Medical treatment
- D. Vaccination
Explanation: Addiction involves physical or psychological dependence.
11. Overuse of antibiotics can lead to:
- A. Faster recovery
- B. Antibiotic resistance ✅
- C. Strong immunity
- D. Better health
Explanation: Bacteria may become resistant to drugs.
12. Which drug lowers fever?
- A. Antibiotic
- B. Antipyretic ✅
- C. Sedative
- D. Narcotic
Explanation: Antipyretics reduce body temperature.
13. Morphine is obtained from:
- A. Coca plant
- B. Opium poppy ✅
- C. Tobacco plant
- D. Cannabis plant
Explanation: Morphine is extracted from opium poppy.
14. Which drugs affect the central nervous system?
- A. Antibiotics
- B. Narcotics ✅
- C. Vaccines
- D. Vitamins
Explanation: Narcotics act on the CNS and can cause addiction.
15. Which of the following is a harmful effect of drug abuse?
- A. Better health
- B. Damage to organs ✅
- C. Increased immunity
- D. Faster healing
Explanation: Drug abuse damages organs and mental health.
16. Which drug is used to treat bacterial infections?
- A. Vaccine
- B. Antibiotic ✅
- C. Analgesic
- D. Sedative
Explanation: Antibiotics are effective against bacteria.
17. Smoking mainly affects which organ?
- A. Heart
- B. Liver
- C. Lungs ✅
- D. Kidneys
Explanation: Smoking damages lung tissues.
18. Safe use of medicines requires:
- A. Self-medication
- B. Doctor’s prescription ✅
- C. Overdose
- D. Mixing drugs
Explanation: Medicines should be used as prescribed.