Homeostasis is the second chapter of Class 10 Biology and explains how living organisms maintain a stable internal environment. This chapter covers the regulation of body temperature, water balance, excretion, and the structure and functions of kidneys. This post includes Class 10 Biology Chapter 2 MCQs prepared according to the Punjab and Sindh Board syllabus to help students revise key concepts effectively.
1. Homeostasis is defined as:
- A. Growth of organisms
- B. Maintenance of internal balance ✅
- C. Removal of wastes
- D. Exchange of gases
Explanation: Homeostasis keeps the internal conditions of the body stable.
2. Which organ is primarily responsible for osmoregulation in humans?
- A. Lungs
- B. Kidneys ✅
- C. Liver
- D. Skin
Explanation: Kidneys regulate water and salt balance.
3. The functional unit of kidney is:
- A. Ureter
- B. Nephron ✅
- C. Renal pelvis
- D. Cortex
Explanation: Nephrons filter blood and form urine.
4. Which waste product is removed by kidneys?
- A. Oxygen
- B. Glucose
- C. Urea ✅
- D. Carbon dioxide
Explanation: Urea is produced during protein metabolism.
5. Which process occurs in the glomerulus?
- A. Reabsorption
- B. Filtration ✅
- C. Secretion
- D. Diffusion
Explanation: Blood filtration occurs in the glomerulus.
6. Reabsorption mainly takes place in:
- A. Glomerulus
- B. Proximal convoluted tubule ✅
- C. Renal pelvis
- D. Ureter
Explanation: Useful substances are reabsorbed here.
7. Which hormone controls reabsorption of water in kidneys?
- A. Insulin
- B. ADH ✅
- C. Thyroxine
- D. Estrogen
Explanation: ADH increases water reabsorption.
8. Excess water is removed from the body through:
- A. Lungs
- B. Kidneys
- C. Urine and sweat ✅
- D. Blood
Explanation: Kidneys and skin remove excess water.
9. Which organ helps in temperature regulation?
- A. Liver
- B. Skin ✅
- C. Heart
- D. Pancreas
Explanation: Skin regulates temperature by sweating.
10. Dialysis is used when:
- A. Lungs fail
- B. Heart stops
- C. Kidneys fail ✅
- D. Liver fails
Explanation: Dialysis removes wastes when kidneys fail.
11. Which substance is normally absent in urine?
- A. Urea
- B. Water
- C. Glucose ✅
- D. Salts
Explanation: Glucose is reabsorbed in healthy kidneys.
12. The process of removal of nitrogenous wastes is called:
- A. Osmoregulation
- B. Excretion ✅
- C. Respiration
- D. Circulation
Explanation: Excretion removes harmful metabolic wastes.
13. Which blood vessel carries blood to the kidney?
- A. Renal vein
- B. Renal artery ✅
- C. Aorta
- D. Vena cava
Explanation: Renal artery supplies blood to kidneys.
14. Which structure collects urine from nephrons?
- A. Cortex
- B. Collecting duct ✅
- C. Glomerulus
- D. Bowman’s capsule
Explanation: Collecting duct carries urine to renal pelvis.
15. Sweating helps in:
- A. Digestion
- B. Temperature regulation ✅
- C. Respiration
- D. Circulation
Explanation: Evaporation of sweat cools the body.
16. Which condition is caused by kidney stones?
- A. Diabetes
- B. Painful urination ✅
- C. Asthma
- D. Anemia
Explanation: Stones block urine flow and cause pain.
17. The normal pH of human urine is:
- A. Strongly acidic
- B. Slightly acidic ✅
- C. Neutral
- D. Alkaline
Explanation: Urine is slightly acidic due to wastes.
18. Which process adds wastes into the nephron?
- A. Filtration
- B. Reabsorption
- C. Secretion ✅
- D. Diffusion
Explanation: Secretion adds extra wastes to urine.